serial.c

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/*
 * This file is part of the libsigrok project.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Bert Vermeulen <bert@biot.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Uwe Hermann <uwe@hermann-uwe.de>
 * Copyright (C) 2012 Alexandru Gagniuc <mr.nuke.me@gmail.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2014 Uffe Jakobsen <uffe@uffe.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2017-2019 Gerhard Sittig <gerhard.sittig@gmx.net>
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <config.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <glib.h>
#include <glib/gstdio.h>
#ifdef HAVE_LIBSERIALPORT
#include <libserialport.h>
#endif
#include <libsigrok/libsigrok.h>
#include "libsigrok-internal.h"
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h> /* for HANDLE */
#endif

/** @cond PRIVATE */
#define LOG_PREFIX "serial"
/** @endcond */

/**
 * @file
 *
 * Serial port handling.
 */

/**
 * @defgroup grp_serial Serial port handling
 *
 * Serial port handling functions.
 *
 * @{
 */

#ifdef HAVE_SERIAL_COMM

/* See if an (assumed opened) serial port is of any supported type. */
static int dev_is_supported(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        if (!serial || !serial->lib_funcs)
                return 0;

        return 1;
}

/**
 * Open the specified serial port.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] flags Flags to use when opening the serial port. Possible flags
 *                  include SERIAL_RDWR, SERIAL_RDONLY.
 *
 * If the serial structure contains a serialcomm string, it will be
 * passed to serial_set_paramstr() after the port is opened.
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_open(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial, int flags)
{
        int ret;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        sr_spew("Opening serial port '%s' (flags %d).", serial->port, flags);

        /*
         * Determine which serial transport library to use. Derive the
         * variant from the serial port's name. Default to libserialport
         * for backwards compatibility.
         */
        if (ser_name_is_hid(serial))
                serial->lib_funcs = ser_lib_funcs_hid;
        else if (ser_name_is_bt(serial))
                serial->lib_funcs = ser_lib_funcs_bt;
        else if (ser_name_is_tcpraw(serial))
                serial->lib_funcs = ser_lib_funcs_tcpraw;
        else
                serial->lib_funcs = ser_lib_funcs_libsp;
        if (!serial->lib_funcs)
                return SR_ERR_NA;

        /*
         * Note that use of the 'rcv_buffer' is optional, and the buffer's
         * size heavily depends on the specific transport. That's why the
         * buffer's content gets accessed and the buffer is released here in
         * common code, but the buffer gets allocated in libraries' open()
         * routines.
         */

        /*
         * Run the transport's open routine. Setup the bitrate and the
         * UART frame format.
         */
        if (!serial->lib_funcs->open)
                return SR_ERR_NA;
        ret = serial->lib_funcs->open(serial, flags);
        if (ret != SR_OK)
                return ret;

        if (serial->serialcomm) {
                ret = serial_set_paramstr(serial, serial->serialcomm);
                if (ret != SR_OK)
                        return ret;
        }

        /*
         * Flush potentially dangling RX data. Availability of the
         * flush primitive depends on the transport/cable, absense
         * is non-fatal.
         */
        ret = serial_flush(serial);
        if (ret == SR_ERR_NA)
                ret = SR_OK;
        if (ret != SR_OK)
                return ret;

        return SR_OK;
}

/**
 * Close the specified serial port.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_close(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        int rc;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        sr_spew("Closing serial port %s.", serial->port);

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->close)
                return SR_ERR_NA;

        rc = serial->lib_funcs->close(serial);
        if (rc == SR_OK && serial->rcv_buffer) {
                g_string_free(serial->rcv_buffer, TRUE);
                serial->rcv_buffer = NULL;
        }

        return rc;
}

/**
 * Flush serial port buffers. Empty buffers, discard pending RX and TX data.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_flush(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        sr_spew("Flushing serial port %s.", serial->port);

        sr_ser_discard_queued_data(serial);

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->flush)
                return SR_ERR_NA;

        return serial->lib_funcs->flush(serial);
}

/**
 * Drain serial port buffers. Wait for pending TX data to be sent.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_drain(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        sr_spew("Draining serial port %s.", serial->port);

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->drain)
                return SR_ERR_NA;

        return serial->lib_funcs->drain(serial);
}

/*
 * Provide an internal RX data buffer for the serial port. This is not
 * supposed to be used directly by applications. Instead optional and
 * alternative transports for serial communication can use this buffer
 * if their progress is driven from background activity, and is not
 * (directly) driven by external API calls.
 *
 * BEWARE! This implementation assumes that data which gets communicated
 * via UART can get stored in a GString (which is a char array). Since
 * the API hides this detail, we can address this issue later when needed.
 * Callers use the API which communicates bytes.
 *
 * Applications optionally can register a "per RX chunk" callback, when
 * they depend on the frame boundaries of the respective physical layer.
 * Most callers just want the stream of RX data, and can use the buffer.
 *
 * The availability of RX chunks to callbacks, as well as the capability
 * to pass on exact frames as chunks or potential re-assembly of chunks
 * to a single data block, depend on each transport's implementation.
 */

/**
 * Register application callback for RX data chunks.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously initialized serial port instance.
 * @param[in] cb Routine to call as RX data becomes available.
 * @param[in] cb_data User data to pass to the callback in addition to RX data.
 *
 * @retval SR_ERR_ARG Invalid parameters.
 * @retval SR_OK Successful registration.
 *
 * Callbacks get unregistered by specifying NULL for the 'cb' parameter.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_set_read_chunk_cb(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        serial_rx_chunk_callback cb, void *cb_data)
{
        if (!serial)
                return SR_ERR_ARG;

        serial->rx_chunk_cb_func = cb;
        serial->rx_chunk_cb_data = cb_data;

        return SR_OK;
}

/**
 * Discard previously queued RX data. Internal to the serial subsystem,
 * coordination between common and transport specific support code.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously opened serial port instance.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV void sr_ser_discard_queued_data(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        if (!serial || !serial->rcv_buffer)
                return;

        g_string_truncate(serial->rcv_buffer, 0);
}

/**
 * Get amount of queued RX data. Internal to the serial subsystem,
 * coordination between common and transport specific support code.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously opened serial port instance.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV size_t sr_ser_has_queued_data(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        if (!serial || !serial->rcv_buffer)
                return 0;

        return serial->rcv_buffer->len;
}

/**
 * Queue received data. Internal to the serial subsystem, coordination
 * between common and transport specific support code.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously opened serial port instance.
 * @param[in] data Pointer to data bytes to queue.
 * @param[in] len Number of data bytes to queue.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV void sr_ser_queue_rx_data(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        const uint8_t *data, size_t len)
{
        if (!serial || !data || !len)
                return;

        if (serial->rx_chunk_cb_func)
                serial->rx_chunk_cb_func(serial, serial->rx_chunk_cb_data, data, len);
        else if (serial->rcv_buffer)
                g_string_append_len(serial->rcv_buffer, (const gchar *)data, len);
}

/**
 * Retrieve previously queued RX data. Internal to the serial subsystem,
 * coordination between common and transport specific support code.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously opened serial port instance.
 * @param[out] data Pointer to store retrieved data bytes into.
 * @param[in] len Number of data bytes to retrieve.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV size_t sr_ser_unqueue_rx_data(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        uint8_t *data, size_t len)
{
        size_t qlen;
        GString *buf;

        if (!serial || !data || !len)
                return 0;

        qlen = sr_ser_has_queued_data(serial);
        if (!qlen)
                return 0;

        buf = serial->rcv_buffer;
        if (len > buf->len)
                len = buf->len;
        if (len) {
                memcpy(data, buf->str, len);
                g_string_erase(buf, 0, len);
        }

        return len;
}

/**
 * Check for available receive data.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously opened serial port instance.
 *
 * @returns The number of (known) available RX data bytes.
 *
 * Returns 0 if no receive data is available, or if the amount of
 * available receive data cannot get determined.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV size_t serial_has_receive_data(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        size_t lib_count, buf_count;

        if (!serial)
                return 0;

        lib_count = 0;
        if (serial->lib_funcs && serial->lib_funcs->get_rx_avail)
                lib_count = serial->lib_funcs->get_rx_avail(serial);

        buf_count = sr_ser_has_queued_data(serial);

        return lib_count + buf_count;
}

static int _serial_write(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        const void *buf, size_t count,
        int nonblocking, unsigned int timeout_ms)
{
        ssize_t ret;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->write)
                return SR_ERR_NA;
        ret = serial->lib_funcs->write(serial, buf, count,
                nonblocking, timeout_ms);
        sr_spew("Wrote %zd/%zu bytes.", ret, count);

        return ret;
}

/**
 * Write a number of bytes to the specified serial port, blocking until finished.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] buf Buffer containing the bytes to write.
 * @param[in] count Number of bytes to write.
 * @param[in] timeout_ms Timeout in ms, or 0 for no timeout.
 *
 * @retval SR_ERR_ARG Invalid argument.
 * @retval SR_ERR Other error.
 * @retval other The number of bytes written. If this is less than the number
 * specified in the call, the timeout was reached.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_write_blocking(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        const void *buf, size_t count, unsigned int timeout_ms)
{
        return _serial_write(serial, buf, count, 0, timeout_ms);
}

/**
 * Write a number of bytes to the specified serial port, return immediately.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] buf Buffer containing the bytes to write.
 * @param[in] count Number of bytes to write.
 *
 * @retval SR_ERR_ARG Invalid argument.
 * @retval SR_ERR Other error.
 * @retval other The number of bytes written.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_write_nonblocking(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        const void *buf, size_t count)
{
        return _serial_write(serial, buf, count, 1, 0);
}

static int _serial_read(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        void *buf, size_t count, int nonblocking, unsigned int timeout_ms)
{
        ssize_t ret;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->read)
                return SR_ERR_NA;
        ret = serial->lib_funcs->read(serial, buf, count,
                nonblocking, timeout_ms);
        if (ret > 0)
                sr_spew("Read %zd/%zu bytes.", ret, count);

        return ret;
}

/**
 * Read a number of bytes from the specified serial port, block until finished.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param buf Buffer where to store the bytes that are read.
 * @param[in] count The number of bytes to read.
 * @param[in] timeout_ms Timeout in ms, or 0 for no timeout.
 *
 * @retval SR_ERR_ARG Invalid argument.
 * @retval SR_ERR Other error.
 * @retval other The number of bytes read. If this is less than the number
 * requested, the timeout was reached.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_read_blocking(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        void *buf, size_t count, unsigned int timeout_ms)
{
        return _serial_read(serial, buf, count, 0, timeout_ms);
}

/**
 * Try to read up to @a count bytes from the specified serial port, return
 * immediately with what's available.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param buf Buffer where to store the bytes that are read.
 * @param[in] count The number of bytes to read.
 *
 * @retval SR_ERR_ARG Invalid argument.
 * @retval SR_ERR Other error.
 * @retval other The number of bytes read.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_read_nonblocking(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        void *buf, size_t count)
{
        return _serial_read(serial, buf, count, 1, 0);
}

/**
 * Set serial parameters for the specified serial port.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] baudrate The baudrate to set.
 * @param[in] bits The number of data bits to use (5, 6, 7 or 8).
 * @param[in] parity The parity setting to use (0 = none, 1 = even, 2 = odd).
 * @param[in] stopbits The number of stop bits to use (1 or 2).
 * @param[in] flowcontrol The flow control settings to use (0 = none,
 *                        1 = RTS/CTS, 2 = XON/XOFF).
 * @param[in] rts Status of RTS line (0 or 1; required by some interfaces).
 * @param[in] dtr Status of DTR line (0 or 1; required by some interfaces).
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_set_params(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        int baudrate, int bits, int parity, int stopbits,
        int flowcontrol, int rts, int dtr)
{
        int ret;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        sr_spew("Setting serial parameters on port %s.", serial->port);

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->set_params)
                return SR_ERR_NA;
        ret = serial->lib_funcs->set_params(serial,
                baudrate, bits, parity, stopbits,
                flowcontrol, rts, dtr);
        if (ret == SR_OK) {
                serial->comm_params.bit_rate = baudrate;
                serial->comm_params.data_bits = bits;
                serial->comm_params.parity_bits = parity ? 1 : 0;
                serial->comm_params.stop_bits = stopbits;
                sr_dbg("DBG: %s() rate %d, %d%s%d", __func__,
                                baudrate, bits,
                                (parity == 0) ? "n" : "x",
                                stopbits);
        }

        return ret;
}

/**
 * Manipulate handshake state for the specified serial port.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] rts Status of RTS line (0 or 1; or -1 to ignore).
 * @param[in] dtr Status of DTR line (0 or 1; or -1 to ignore).
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_set_handshake(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        int rts, int dtr)
{
        int ret;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        sr_spew("Modifying serial parameters on port %s.", serial->port);

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->set_handshake)
                return SR_ERR_NA;
        ret = serial->lib_funcs->set_handshake(serial, rts, dtr);

        return ret;
}

/**
 * Set serial parameters for the specified serial port from parameter string.
 *
 * @param serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] paramstr A serial communication parameters string of the form
 * "<baudrate>/<bits><parity><stopbits>{/<option>}".\n
 * Examples: "9600/8n1", "600/7o2/dtr=1/rts=0" or "460800/8n1/flow=2".\n
 * <baudrate>=integer Baud rate.\n
 * <bits>=5|6|7|8 Number of data bits.\n
 * <parity>=n|e|o None, even, odd.\n
 * <stopbits>=1|2 One or two stop bits.\n
 * Options:\n
 * dtr=0|1 Set DTR off resp. on.\n
 * flow=0|1|2 Flow control. 0 for none, 1 for RTS/CTS, 2 for XON/XOFF.\n
 * rts=0|1 Set RTS off resp. on.\n
 * Please note that values and combinations of these parameters must be
 * supported by the concrete serial interface hardware and the drivers for it.
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_set_paramstr(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        const char *paramstr)
{
/** @cond PRIVATE */
#define SERIAL_COMM_SPEC "^(\\d+)(/([5678])([neo])([12]))?(.*)$"
/** @endcond */

        GRegex *reg;
        GMatchInfo *match;
        int speed, databits, parity, stopbits, flow, rts, dtr, i;
        char *mstr, **opts, **kv;

        speed = flow = 0;
        databits = 8;
        parity = SP_PARITY_NONE;
        stopbits = 1;
        rts = dtr = -1;
        sr_spew("Parsing parameters from \"%s\".", paramstr);
        reg = g_regex_new(SERIAL_COMM_SPEC, 0, 0, NULL);
        if (g_regex_match(reg, paramstr, 0, &match)) {
                if ((mstr = g_match_info_fetch(match, 1)))
                        speed = strtoul(mstr, NULL, 10);
                g_free(mstr);
                if ((mstr = g_match_info_fetch(match, 3)) && mstr[0])
                        databits = strtoul(mstr, NULL, 10);
                g_free(mstr);
                if ((mstr = g_match_info_fetch(match, 4)) && mstr[0]) {
                        switch (mstr[0]) {
                        case 'n':
                                parity = SP_PARITY_NONE;
                                break;
                        case 'e':
                                parity = SP_PARITY_EVEN;
                                break;
                        case 'o':
                                parity = SP_PARITY_ODD;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                g_free(mstr);
                if ((mstr = g_match_info_fetch(match, 5)) && mstr[0])
                        stopbits = strtoul(mstr, NULL, 10);
                g_free(mstr);
                if ((mstr = g_match_info_fetch(match, 6)) && mstr[0] != '\0') {
                        if (mstr[0] != '/') {
                                sr_dbg("missing separator before extra options");
                                speed = 0;
                        } else {
                                /* A set of "key=value" options separated by / */
                                opts = g_strsplit(mstr + 1, "/", 0);
                                for (i = 0; opts[i]; i++) {
                                        kv = g_strsplit(opts[i], "=", 2);
                                        if (!strncmp(kv[0], "rts", 3)) {
                                                if (kv[1][0] == '1')
                                                        rts = 1;
                                                else if (kv[1][0] == '0')
                                                        rts = 0;
                                                else {
                                                        sr_dbg("invalid value for rts: %c", kv[1][0]);
                                                        speed = 0;
                                                }
                                        } else if (!strncmp(kv[0], "dtr", 3)) {
                                                if (kv[1][0] == '1')
                                                        dtr = 1;
                                                else if (kv[1][0] == '0')
                                                        dtr = 0;
                                                else {
                                                        sr_dbg("invalid value for dtr: %c", kv[1][0]);
                                                        speed = 0;
                                                }
                                        } else if (!strncmp(kv[0], "flow", 4)) {
                                                if (kv[1][0] == '0')
                                                        flow = 0;
                                                else if (kv[1][0] == '1')
                                                        flow = 1;
                                                else if (kv[1][0] == '2')
                                                        flow = 2;
                                                else {
                                                        sr_dbg("invalid value for flow: %c", kv[1][0]);
                                                        speed = 0;
                                                }
                                        }
                                        g_strfreev(kv);
                                }
                                g_strfreev(opts);
                        }
                }
                g_free(mstr);
        }
        g_match_info_unref(match);
        g_regex_unref(reg);
        sr_spew("Got params: rate %d, frame %d/%d/%d, flow %d, rts %d, dtr %d.",
                speed, databits, parity, stopbits, flow, rts, dtr);

        if (!speed) {
                sr_dbg("Could not infer speed from parameter string.");
                return SR_ERR_ARG;
        }

        return serial_set_params(serial, speed,
                        databits, parity, stopbits,
                        flow, rts, dtr);
}

/**
 * Read a line from the specified serial port.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[out] buf Buffer where to store the bytes that are read.
 * @param[in] buflen Size of the buffer.
 * @param[in] timeout_ms How long to wait for a line to come in.
 *
 * Reading stops when CR or LF is found, which is stripped from the buffer.
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Success.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_readline(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        char **buf, int *buflen, gint64 timeout_ms)
{
        gint64 start, remaining;
        int maxlen, len;

        if (!serial) {
                sr_dbg("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        if (!dev_is_supported(serial)) {
                sr_dbg("Cannot use unopened serial port %s.", serial->port);
                return -1;
        }

        start = g_get_monotonic_time();
        remaining = timeout_ms;

        maxlen = *buflen;
        *buflen = len = 0;
        while (1) {
                len = maxlen - *buflen - 1;
                if (len < 1)
                        break;
                len = serial_read_blocking(serial, *buf + *buflen, 1, remaining);
                if (len > 0) {
                        *buflen += len;
                        *(*buf + *buflen) = '\0';
                        if (*buflen > 0 && (*(*buf + *buflen - 1) == '\r'
                                        || *(*buf + *buflen - 1) == '\n')) {
                                /* Strip CR/LF and terminate. */
                                *(*buf + --*buflen) = '\0';
                                break;
                        }
                }
                /* Reduce timeout by time elapsed. */
                remaining = timeout_ms - ((g_get_monotonic_time() - start) / 1000);
                if (remaining <= 0)
                        /* Timeout */
                        break;
                if (len < 1)
                        g_usleep(2000);
        }
        if (*buflen)
                sr_dbg("Received %d: '%s'.", *buflen, *buf);

        return SR_OK;
}

/**
 * Try to find a valid packet in a serial data stream.
 *
 * @param[in] serial Previously initialized serial port structure.
 * @param[in] buf Buffer containing the bytes to write.
 * @param[in] buflen Size of the buffer.
 * @param[in] packet_size Size, in bytes, of a valid packet.
 * @param[in] is_valid Callback that assesses whether the packet is valid or not.
 * @param[in] is_valid_len Callback which checks a variable length packet.
 * @param[out] return_size Detected packet size in case of successful match.
 * @param[in] timeout_ms The timeout after which, if no packet is detected, to
 *                       abort scanning.
 *
 * Data is received from the serial port and into the caller provided
 * buffer, until the buffer is exhausted, or the timeout has expired,
 * or a valid packet was found. Receive data is passed to the caller
 * provided validity check routine, assuming either fixed size packets
 * (#is_valid parameter, exact match to the #packet_size length) or
 * packets of variable length (#is_valid_len parameter, minimum length
 * #packet_size required for first invocation).
 *
 * @retval SR_OK Valid packet was found within the given timeout.
 * @retval SR_ERR Failure.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int serial_stream_detect(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial,
        uint8_t *buf, size_t *buflen,
        size_t packet_size, packet_valid_callback is_valid,
        packet_valid_len_callback is_valid_len, size_t *return_size,
        uint64_t timeout_ms)
{
        uint64_t start_us, elapsed_ms, byte_delay_us;
        size_t fill_idx, check_idx, max_fill_idx;
        ssize_t recv_len;
        const uint8_t *check_ptr;
        size_t check_len, pkt_len;
        gboolean do_dump;
        int ret;

        sr_dbg("Detecting packets on %s (timeout = %" PRIu64 "ms).",
                serial->port, timeout_ms);

        max_fill_idx = *buflen;
        if (max_fill_idx < 2 * packet_size) {
                /*
                 * The heuristics in this check is only useful for fixed
                 * packet length scenarios, but for variable length setups
                 * we don't know the packets' sizes up front.
                 */
                sr_err("Small stream detect RX buffer, want 2x packet size.");
                return SR_ERR_ARG;
        }

        byte_delay_us = serial_timeout(serial, 1) * 1000;
        start_us = g_get_monotonic_time();

        check_idx = fill_idx = 0;
        while (fill_idx < max_fill_idx) {
                /*
                 * Read bytes individually. Lets callers continue to
                 * successfully process next RX data after first match.
                 * Run full loop bodies for empty or failed reception
                 * in an iteration, to have timeouts checked.
                 */
                recv_len = serial_read_nonblocking(serial, &buf[fill_idx], 1);
                if (recv_len > 0)
                        fill_idx += recv_len;

                /* Dump receive data when (a minimum) size is reached. */
                check_ptr = &buf[check_idx];
                check_len = fill_idx - check_idx;
                do_dump = check_len >= packet_size;
                do_dump &= sr_log_loglevel_get() >= SR_LOG_SPEW;
                if (do_dump) {
                        GString *text;

                        text = sr_hexdump_new(check_ptr, check_len);
                        sr_spew("Trying packet: len %zu, bytes %s",
                                check_len, text->str);
                        sr_hexdump_free(text);
                }

                /* A packet's (minimum) length was received, check its data. */
                elapsed_ms = g_get_monotonic_time() - start_us;
                elapsed_ms /= 1000;
                if (is_valid_len && check_len >= packet_size) {
                        pkt_len = packet_size;
                        ret = is_valid_len(NULL, check_ptr, check_len, &pkt_len);
                        if (ret == SR_PACKET_VALID) {
                                /* Exact match. Terminate with success. */
                                sr_spew("Valid packet after %" PRIu64 "ms.",
                                        elapsed_ms);
                                sr_spew("RX count %zu, packet len %zu.",
                                        fill_idx, pkt_len);
                                *buflen = fill_idx;
                                if (return_size)
                                        *return_size = pkt_len;
                                return SR_OK;
                        }
                        if (ret == SR_PACKET_NEED_RX) {
                                /* Incomplete, keep accumulating RX data. */
                                sr_spew("Checker needs more RX data.");
                        } else {
                                /* Not a valid packet. Continue searching. */
                                sr_spew("Invalid packet, advancing read pos.");
                                check_idx++;
                        }
                }
                if (is_valid && check_len >= packet_size) {
                        if (is_valid(check_ptr)) {
                                /* Exact match. Terminate with success. */
                                sr_spew("Valid packet after %" PRIu64 "ms.",
                                        elapsed_ms);
                                sr_spew("RX count %zu, packet len %zu.",
                                        fill_idx, packet_size);
                                *buflen = fill_idx;
                                if (return_size)
                                        *return_size = packet_size;
                                return SR_OK;
                        }
                        /* Not a valid packet. Continue searching. */
                        sr_spew("Invalid packet, advancing read pointer.");
                        check_idx++;
                }

                /* Check for packet search timeout. */
                if (elapsed_ms >= timeout_ms) {
                        sr_dbg("Detection timed out after %" PRIu64 "ms.",
                                elapsed_ms);
                        break;
                }
                if (recv_len < 1)
                        g_usleep(byte_delay_us);
        }
        sr_info("Didn't find a valid packet (read %zu bytes).", fill_idx);
        *buflen = fill_idx;

        return SR_ERR;
}

#endif

/**
 * Extract the serial device and options from the options linked list.
 *
 * The caller's passed in references get updated when the list of options
 * contains one of the desired parameters. This lets callers pre-assign
 * default values which take effect in the absence of user specifications.
 * Either reference is optional, passing #NULL is acceptable.
 *
 * Callers must not free returned strings. These shall be considered
 * read-only handles to data that is managed elsewhere.
 *
 * @param[in] options List of options passed from the command line.
 * @param[out] serial_device Pointer where to store the extracted serial device.
 * @param[out] serial_options Pointer where to store the optional extracted serial
 * options.
 *
 * @return SR_OK if a serial_device is found, SR_ERR if no device is found.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV int sr_serial_extract_options(GSList *options,
        const char **serial_device, const char **serial_options)
{
        GSList *l;
        struct sr_config *src;

        for (l = options; l; l = l->next) {
                src = l->data;
                switch (src->key) {
                case SR_CONF_CONN:
                        if (!serial_device)
                                break;
                        *serial_device = g_variant_get_string(src->data, NULL);
                        sr_dbg("Parsed serial device: %s.", *serial_device);
                        break;
                case SR_CONF_SERIALCOMM:
                        if (!serial_options)
                                break;
                        *serial_options = g_variant_get_string(src->data, NULL);
                        sr_dbg("Parsed serial options: %s.", *serial_options);
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (serial_device && !*serial_device) {
                sr_dbg("No serial device specified.");
                return SR_ERR;
        }

        return SR_OK;
}

#ifdef HAVE_SERIAL_COMM

/** @private */
SR_PRIV int serial_source_add(struct sr_session *session,
        struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial, int events, int timeout,
        sr_receive_data_callback cb, void *cb_data)
{
        if ((events & (G_IO_IN | G_IO_ERR)) && (events & G_IO_OUT)) {
                sr_err("Cannot poll input/error and output simultaneously.");
                return SR_ERR_ARG;
        }

        if (!dev_is_supported(serial)) {
                sr_err("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR_ARG;
        }

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->setup_source_add)
                return SR_ERR_NA;

        return serial->lib_funcs->setup_source_add(session, serial,
                events, timeout, cb, cb_data);
}

/** @private */
SR_PRIV int serial_source_remove(struct sr_session *session,
        struct sr_serial_dev_inst *serial)
{
        if (!dev_is_supported(serial)) {
                sr_err("Invalid serial port.");
                return SR_ERR_ARG;
        }

        if (!serial->lib_funcs || !serial->lib_funcs->setup_source_remove)
                return SR_ERR_NA;

        return serial->lib_funcs->setup_source_remove(session, serial);
}

/**
 * Create/allocate a new sr_serial_port structure.
 *
 * @param name The OS dependent name of the serial port. Must not be NULL.
 * @param description An end user friendly description for the serial port.
 *                    Can be NULL (in that case the empty string is used
 *                    as description).
 *
 * @return The newly allocated sr_serial_port struct.
 */
static struct sr_serial_port *sr_serial_new(const char *name,
        const char *description)
{
        struct sr_serial_port *serial;

        if (!name)
                return NULL;

        serial = g_malloc0(sizeof(*serial));
        serial->name = g_strdup(name);
        serial->description = g_strdup(description ? description : "");

        return serial;
}

/**
 * Free a previously allocated sr_serial_port structure.
 *
 * @param serial The sr_serial_port struct to free. Must not be NULL.
 */
SR_API void sr_serial_free(struct sr_serial_port *serial)
{
        if (!serial)
                return;
        g_free(serial->name);
        g_free(serial->description);
        g_free(serial);
}

static GSList *append_port_list(GSList *devs, const char *name, const char *desc)
{
        return g_slist_append(devs, sr_serial_new(name, desc));
}

/**
 * List available serial devices.
 *
 * @return A GSList of strings containing the path of the serial devices or
 *         NULL if no serial device is found. The returned list must be freed
 *         by the caller.
 */
SR_API GSList *sr_serial_list(const struct sr_dev_driver *driver)
{
        GSList *tty_devs;
        GSList *(*list_func)(GSList *list, sr_ser_list_append_t append);

        /* Currently unused, but will be used by some drivers later on. */
        (void)driver;

        tty_devs = NULL;
        if (ser_lib_funcs_libsp && ser_lib_funcs_libsp->list) {
                list_func = ser_lib_funcs_libsp->list;
                tty_devs = list_func(tty_devs, append_port_list);
        }
        if (ser_lib_funcs_hid && ser_lib_funcs_hid->list) {
                list_func = ser_lib_funcs_hid->list;
                tty_devs = list_func(tty_devs, append_port_list);
        }
        if (ser_lib_funcs_bt && ser_lib_funcs_bt->list) {
                list_func = ser_lib_funcs_bt->list;
                tty_devs = list_func(tty_devs, append_port_list);
        }

        return tty_devs;
}

static GSList *append_port_find(GSList *devs, const char *name)
{
        if (!name || !*name)
                return devs;

        return g_slist_append(devs, g_strdup(name));
}

/**
 * Find USB serial devices via the USB vendor ID and product ID.
 *
 * @param[in] vendor_id Vendor ID of the USB device.
 * @param[in] product_id Product ID of the USB device.
 *
 * @return A GSList of strings containing the path of the serial device or
 *         NULL if no serial device is found. The returned list must be freed
 *         by the caller.
 *
 * @private
 */
SR_PRIV GSList *sr_serial_find_usb(uint16_t vendor_id, uint16_t product_id)
{
        GSList *tty_devs;
        GSList *(*find_func)(GSList *list, sr_ser_find_append_t append,
                        uint16_t vid, uint16_t pid);

        tty_devs = NULL;
        if (ser_lib_funcs_libsp && ser_lib_funcs_libsp->find_usb) {
                find_func = ser_lib_funcs_libsp->find_usb;
                tty_devs = find_func(tty_devs, append_port_find,
                        vendor_id, product_id);
        }
        if (ser_lib_funcs_hid && ser_lib_funcs_hid->find_usb) {
                find_func = ser_lib_funcs_hid->find_usb;
                tty_devs = find_func(tty_devs, append_port_find,
                        vendor_id, product_id);
        }

        return tty_devs;
}

/** @private */
SR_PRIV int serial_timeout(struct sr_serial_dev_inst *port, int num_bytes)
{
        int bits, baud, ret, timeout_ms;

        /* Get the bitrate and frame length. */
        bits = baud = 0;
        if (port->lib_funcs && port->lib_funcs->get_frame_format) {
                ret = port->lib_funcs->get_frame_format(port, &baud, &bits);
                if (ret != SR_OK)
                        bits = baud = 0;
        } else {
                baud = port->comm_params.bit_rate;
                bits = 1 + port->comm_params.data_bits +
                        port->comm_params.parity_bits +
                        port->comm_params.stop_bits;
        }

        /* Derive the timeout. Default to 1s. */
        timeout_ms = 1000;
        if (bits && baud) {
                /* Throw in 10ms for misc OS overhead. */
                timeout_ms = 10;
                timeout_ms += ((1000.0 / baud) * bits) * num_bytes;
        }

        return timeout_ms;
}

#else

/* TODO Put fallback.c content here? */

#endif

/** @} */